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Treatment without general anaesthetic?

User
Posted 17 Apr 2023 at 21:12

Can anyone advise what treatments are available for localised prostate cancer, without a general anaesthetic?

I mean within UK and preferably with the NHS, but private if necessary. 

I'm aware of EBRT (external beam radiotherapy) but this, being external, has to be aimed at the prostate through the surrounding body tissues.  I'd prefer something more concentrated on the specific location of my cancer.  It's  in just one side lobe of my prostate, 4 cores out of 30 in the biopsy.  But it isn't "indolent" or "low risk".  My PSA has increased from 7 to nearly 9 in a few months.  Gleason 4+3.  No mets or lymph node or vesicle involvement (so far).

An NHS urologist in London was willing to perform focal ablation therapy but this plan was prevented by a separate problem over the risks of general anaesthesia in my particular case.  The urologist also said that his department/ his hospital wouldn't do the same procedure under regional/spinal/epidural anaesthesia.  But I'm wondering whether other hospitals might think differently?

Or maybe some might do brachytherapy - ie localised internal irradiation - under regional/spinal anaesthetic?

Grateful any advice from the many helpful people on this forum.  

User
Posted 18 Apr 2023 at 01:09
Sorry, I don't know the precise answer to your question but in your position I would initially contact UCLH in London about HIFU> They are the UK leaders in this therapy who have trained many practitioners from elsewhere, so should be able to direct you if they will not treat without using anaesthetic. You could also ask them whether this also applies to Brachytherapy. and if not who to ask. The main London teaching hospitals are likely administrators of Brachytherapy but this procedure would be available at more towns than Focal Therapy.

Birmingham Prostate Clinic seem to be well recommended so maybe worth an enquiry there also.

Barry
User
Posted 18 Apr 2023 at 01:25

Brachytherapy can be done without a GA, both HDR/temporary seed brachytherapy, and LDR/permanent/seed brachytherapy. Indeed, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre now does it under regional anesthetic by default, and only under GA if the patient really wants that.

User
Posted 18 Apr 2023 at 01:27

I had general anaesthetic for brachytherapy HDR.

I don't think HDR is much more invasive than a biopsy so I don't think they knock you out due to the pain. I think the procedure takes about four hours, and I don't think they could trust a patient to sit still all that time, so they knock you out for that reason. 

With HDR the isotope is inserted by a robot with no one else in the room. With LDR it is safer for the staff to be in the room, so maybe that can be done under local.

Maybe if you promised to sit still it could be done.

 

Dave

User
Posted 18 Apr 2023 at 04:06

Originally Posted by: Online Community Member
I'm aware of EBRT (external beam radiotherapy) but this, being external, has to be aimed at the prostate through the surrounding body tissues. I'd prefer something more concentrated on the specific location of my cancer.

Just a comment on EBRT ... the way it's most commonly delivered now is by a LINAC machine. These dougnut shaped devices rotate 360 degrees around your body targeting the prostate from a number of different directions as they go, which means that while radiation does have to pass through other bits to get there, most of the radiation hits the focus  and for other parts of the body the exposure is brief and passing. The LINACs can also avoid organs that are more sensitive than others. Most of us can go through this process with little or no after effects. I've certainly had no problems after a considerable amount of bombardment for a Gleason 9, locally advanced cancer.

Forgive me if you're well aware of this information h o

 

Jules

User
Posted 18 Apr 2023 at 08:47

Originally Posted by: Online Community Member
I don't think HDR is much more invasive than a biopsy so I don't think they knock you out due to the pain. I think the procedure takes about four hours, and I don't think they could trust a patient to sit still all that time, so they knock you out for that reason.

The painful bit is the brachytherapy catheter insertion. That's the only part Mount Vernon knock you out for (or nowadays, just do the regional anesthetic). It takes about 40 mins. Even when they did used to use a GA, you were awake for all the rest of it including the radiotherapy part, which isn't painful. Yes, you have to stay in bed without sitting up for around 6 hours (or 24 hours if having HDR as a monotherapy, so two sessions on two consecutive days).

Some places knock patients out for 4 hours, but that has a number of downsides, such as ruling out more patients from the procedure who can't do a 4 hour GA, and usually meaning they only do one patient in that time, versus the 4 patients which Mount Vernon do on a production line each time.

Edited by member 18 Apr 2023 at 08:50  | Reason: Not specified

User
Posted 18 Apr 2023 at 10:48

I had LDR Brachytherapy in November and I was offered a general anaesthetic or an “epidural” type of anaesthetic. I chose the general one however the local anaesthetic is apparently now the preferred option.

Rgds

Dave

User
Posted 18 Apr 2023 at 13:36

Many thanks for the various useful comments & suggestions.

Old Barry  -  yes indeed!.  I was trying not to mention the current hospital as I'm still hoping they might get past the  obstacle to anaesthesia.  It has necessitated referral to another department, and various tests have been done quickly, but as the non-prostate medical issue gives no symptoms except under anaesthesia, and might not in itself need any treatment, it isn't seen as urgent for followup.   The result is more months of uncertainty and delay while urology await the outcome of referral to the other department.

Microcolei - I'm comforted by your experience of EBRT with Linac machine but I would still be happier with brachytherapy inside my actual prostate, preferably in the one lobe, since unlike you I'm not thought to have cancer anywhere else, not even locally.                                                                                                                           Well not yet anyway but the longer it's left untreated........

Andy62 & others:  how long a wait can I expect, if I ask to be referred on for brachytherapy at Mount Vernon?  (under NHS).                                                                                                                                                                             If it's really long, how expensive would private be for brachy?  At Mount Vernon, Birmingham or elsewhere.  Private hospitals seem reluctant to reveal self-pay charges but I've heard that any form of radiotherapy might be £40k+ !

 

User
Posted 18 Apr 2023 at 22:43

Originally Posted by: Online Community Member
Andy62 & others: how long a wait can I expect, if I ask to be referred on for brachytherapy at Mount Vernon? (under NHS). If it's really long, how expensive would private be for brachy?

I don't know. The thing to do would be to contact one of the consultants there and ask. I doubt there'd be much of a waiting list, because they do a lot of brachytherapy boost procedures there where they slot in the brachytherapy immediately after the course of external beam, so probably a month or so.

User
Posted 19 Apr 2023 at 01:09

Please H O, choose the option that has the best chance of removing your cancer at this early stage based on weighing up the advice of a urologist and an oncologist. Thorough early treatment stands a better chance of avoiding the need for salvage work of one sort or another later plus it gives you a better chance of survival.

Jules

User
Posted 19 Apr 2023 at 11:07

Thanks, I fully take the point but unfortunately the best chance route has been stymied by the non-prostate problem.  A problem which has so far prevented anything involving general anaesthesia, even though it's not in itself a serious problem otherwise. 

So I need to start thinking of a fallback that doesn't involve general anaesthesia.  The nearest equivalent to what the urologist had planned to do, ie ablation of the specific lobe within my prostate, would seem to be brachytherapy.    But it doesn't seem to be available to my sort of case at my current hospital (leading teaching hospital though it is).  I recall them telling me about 6 months ago that if wanted brachytherapy I would have to be referred on to Mount Vernon, but  I wasn't seeking it at the time.

I'm keen to get early and targeted treatment of the actual, very localised, cancer, but time is ticking away and it's 'intermediate' risk.

I didn't enjoy the biopsy under local anaesthetic but I could tolerate it or a seemingly similar procedure involving radioactive seed insertion or whatever. 

User
Posted 19 Apr 2023 at 11:30

Originally Posted by: Online Community Member
Microcolei - I'm comforted by your experience of EBRT with Linac machine but I would still be happier with brachytherapy inside my actual prostate, preferably in the one lobe, since unlike you I'm not thought to have cancer anywhere else, not even locally.

Focal brachytherapy does exist, but I never came across anyone who's had it, and I don't know of a hospital which does it. A really big consideration would be what followup treatments might be possible if cancer developed in the rest of the organ, which is probably quite likely, as prostate cancer is usually multi-focal (starts in more than one place). Further radiotherapy would probably not be possible. That leaves you with salvage prostatectomy with not good QoL outcomes, and maybe salvage HIFU, or life-long hormone therapy.

Having said that, brachytherapy dose is sometimes varied across the prostate, being higher where the known cancer is, and lower in the rest of the prostate.

User
Posted 19 Apr 2023 at 12:31

Focal Brachytherapy in this link mentions Gys which is a measure of radiation so I would have thought should be classified as radiation treatment. Focal Treatment as I understand it is administered using ways of heating, freezing, electroporation, laser or photodynamic. Could this it be that Focal Brachytherapy is more of an American Terminology for what in the UK we would call Low Dose Brachytherapy using seeds? https://www.practicalradonc.org/article/S1879-8500(21)00001-1/fulltext

 

Edited by member 19 Apr 2023 at 12:32  | Reason: to highlight link

Barry
User
Posted 19 Apr 2023 at 12:52

Hmmmm...... I had assumed, perhaps naively, that the radioactive seeds - whether permanent low dose or temporarily inserted high dose- would be put into the one lobe where the cancer definitely is.   (I have read that prostate cancer is usually multifocal but in my case all the rest of the 30 cores extracted during biopsy were clear.)

However, on thinking about it: -  even if some seeds are  put elsewhere in the prostate, the radiation they emit will be primarily absorbed by (potentially future cancerous) prostate tissue, rather than first hitting other tissue and then only the attenuated radiation reaching the prostate.

And as Old Barry says, there may be differences in terminology across the Atlantic. 

User
Posted 19 Apr 2023 at 19:35

Interesting link from Memorial Sloan Kettering (one of the World's leading cancer hospitals) on what they call Focal Therapy. At the end they give a separate link covering Brachytherapy HD and LD .with seeds. With the latter, they say they only treat the high grade cancer area leaving any low grade for Active Surveillance. https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/prostate/treatment/focal-therapies

https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/prostate/treatment/brachytherapy

 

Edited by member 20 Apr 2023 at 01:20  | Reason: to highlight links & spelling

Barry
User
Posted 20 Apr 2023 at 03:45

Originally Posted by: Online Community Member
However, on thinking about it: - even if some seeds are put elsewhere in the prostate, the radiation they emit will be primarily absorbed by (potentially future cancerous) prostate tissue, rather than first hitting other tissue and then only the attenuated radiation reaching the prostate.

I get the feeling that you have figured out a process in your own mind that you believe will work better than the advice you might receive from an oncologist.

Jules

User
Posted 20 Apr 2023 at 11:52

I would be very interested and happy to hear any oncological advice which might explain in what way the point in my previous post is mistaken  (or only half right, or whatever). 

User
Posted 20 Apr 2023 at 22:58

Your Gleason score is 7 and your psa has risen sharply in the last few months. You haven't mentioned anything about the size of your prostate or whether you have any other urinary symptoms but these are factors to be considered. It looks as though LDR brachytherapy on its own might be an option BUT it could be marginal and since you've said earlier that your tumor isn't low risk I'm guessing you might have been told it's high risk [?]. If that's the case and you have other significant urinary issues, you could well be at the point where an oncologist would rule out LDR brachytherapy and recommend EBRT followed by brachytherapy, or just EBRT.

If you are in a position where you can never have anaesthesia, you will not be able to have a prostatectomy so you're limited to the various RT options with the risk that if round one fails you might not be able to have a second go.

Obviously, I'm not an oncologist but with your cancer at an early stage and still quite treatable, I'd suggest you can't be half hearted about your treatment options.

Have you spoken to an oncologist yet and if so what did they recommend?

Jules

 

 

Edited by member 20 Apr 2023 at 23:17  | Reason: Not specified

User
Posted 20 Apr 2023 at 23:29

Originally Posted by: Online Community Member
If you are in a position where you can never have anaesthesia, you will not be able to have a prostatectomy so you're limited to the various RT options

 

Open RP can be done with a spinal block at some hospitals - keyhole RP can only be done with a GA

"Life can only be understood backwards; but it must be lived forwards." Soren Kierkegaard

User
Posted 21 Apr 2023 at 00:12

Thanks Lyn

 

 
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